# Meningitis B Vaccine Access Remains Limited for UK Teenagers

The meningitis B vaccine protects against one of the most dangerous bacterial infections affecting young people, yet eligibility for the jab remains restricted to specific groups in the UK.

Meningitis B, caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B, spreads through respiratory droplets and can cause severe inflammation of the brain and spinal cord membranes. The infection progresses rapidly, sometimes causing death within 24 hours of symptom onset. Survivors often face lasting complications including hearing loss, brain damage, and limb amputation.

The vaccine, introduced to the NHS infant vaccination program in 2015 for babies under one year old, offers protection during the critical adolescent years when infection risk peaks. Teenagers aged 13 to 18 face increased vulnerability due to social behaviors like sharing drinks and close contact in crowded settings such as universities.

However, the vaccine rollout for older age groups has remained selective. Current NHS eligibility includes teenagers with specific medical conditions that compromise immunity, such as those with asplenia or complement disorders. Young adults traveling to high-risk areas and those with occupational exposure also qualify.

The restricted access reflects the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation's assessment of cost-effectiveness. The committee weighs vaccine cost against disease burden and potential years of life saved. While meningitis B causes severe outcomes, the absolute number of cases in the general teenage population remains relatively low compared to other vaccine-preventable diseases.

Private vaccination offers an alternative for families seeking broader protection. The cost typically ranges from £90 to £150 per dose, with most people requiring two doses for full protection.

Health authorities continue monitoring meningitis B epidemiology. New evidence about disease trends, vaccine effectiveness, and emerging variants informs future recommendations. Parents